The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) or Global Goals are a collection of 17 interlinked global goals designed to be a "blueprint to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all
The SDGs were developed in the Post-2015 Development Agenda in the city of Rio de Janeiro in Brazil as the future global development framework to succeed the Millennium Development Goals which ended in 2015.
The SDGs were set up in 2015 by the United Nations General Assembly (UN-GA) and are intended to be achieved by the year 2030.
Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation
Take urgent action to combat climate change
and its impacts
Sustainable Development Goal 9 is about "industry, innovation and infrastructure". SDG 9 aims to build resilient infrastructure, promote sustainable industrialization and foster innovation.
SDG 9 has eight targets in total which are to be achieved by 2030, and progress is measured by twelve indicators. The first five targets are "outcome targets": Develop sustainable, resilient and inclusive infrastructures; promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization; increase access to financial services and markets; upgrade all industries and infrastructures for sustainability; enhance research and upgrade industrial technologies. The remaining three targets are "means of achieving" targets: Facilitate sustainable infrastructure development for developing countries; support domestic technology development and industrial diversification; universal access to information and communications technology.
Sustainable Development Goal 13 is about climate action wherein The official wording is to "Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts". SDG 13 has 5 targets in total which are to be achieved by 2030.
The 5 targets cover a wide range of issues surrounding climate action. The first three targets are "output targets": Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related disasters; integrate climate change measures into policies and planning; build knowledge and capacity to meet climate change. The remaining two targets are "means of achieving" the targets which are; To implement the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change; and to promote mechanisms to raise capacity for planning and management.